(A newbie’s month long pursuit of nautical nirvana)
In the latest example of AMC friends coaxing me into a novel adventure, last summer I took a trip down some mild whitewater on the Deerfield River in a borrowed kayak. And I have to say there is something wonderful about moving water, its active participation, the way it speaks, makes demands. From a leisurely paddle, the pulse rate kicks up a notch at the first note of an approaching rapid, the promise of hydro powered acceleration – sans throttle, sans gasoline and blessedly sans stink and racket. As for the streamlined plastic bottle I steered among the rocks, my inner 12 year old needed one of these personal go fast machines. The 51 year old rest of me called the whole thing a motivated workout.
And yet, I dreaded the process of actually buying a kayak. I would settle only for the real thing: rotary molded descendent of the aboriginal work boat, noble confluence of stone and information age technology, and not some degenerate byproduct of a booming leisure products industry. And booming it is. Everybody wants one, as I discovered with a kayak on the car roof, drawing strangers toward me in shopping center parking lots.
With hundreds of models to choose from, kayaks are on sale everywhere, generally costing in the high hundreds of dollars, though the most pool toy like models are a bit less at the big box stores. In sum, at a cost beyond my means, with a mind boggling array of models – including older styles in the used market and a multitude of tawdry knockoffs – it was a research project I didn’t cherish.
My one salvation however was that the kayak I’d just borrowed, an off brand available locally at a discount, already provided a good solution that any contending boat would have to better. That is, while the project looked arduous, I was assured of success. So I began.
Online I soaked up basic vocabulary, certain counterintuitive rules of boat design, and the oft repeated admonition “thou shalt paddle many boats before buying one.” I also learned the kayak I’d paddled was of the “recreational” variety, under which category falls most of what you’ll find on fresh water. They run shorter for greater maneuverability (this one was 13.5 feet), correspondingly wider (28”) to maintain buoyancy, and generally sport a large “convenient” cockpit. On the down side, this extra width makes it incapable of being righted by an occupant still seated in the cockpit, the maneuver called “rolling.” The sole course of action this leaves you, on finding yourself upside down, goes by the technical term a wet exit. This accomplished, rescue is the name given to climbing back aboard, which is a harder if less hurried procedure.
Next come touring kayaks, which are longer, narrower (24”), paddle easier, have tighter cockpits and multiple sealed cargo bins. They lend themselves better to paddling serious distances and camping.
Finally comes the granddaddy from which the others descend. Sea kayaks run long and narrow and incorporate various features like raised bows making them capable of surviving the ocean. (These are not to be confused with Ocean Kayak, which is just a brand of sit-on-tops). Sea kayaks are the truest descendents of the aboriginal design, and being the most all around capable, are the platform addressed by kayak books, instructors, and popular imagination.
But you won’t hear this summary from kayak salesmen. Even the best will begin by asking, “What kind of use will you make of it, on what sort of water?” – which initially struck me as absurd, as I intended to paddle everywhere. Didn’t everybody? Or worse, “How much kayaking experience do you have?” – which once put me in a boat I’d swear was made by Tupperware.
What I came slowly to appreciate though, was that the kayak industry sells a lot of boats to fishermen and hesitant weekenders who want a rock steady platform above all else. At kayak rentals on Cape Cod we encountered many such flat bottomed, very short boats (10’) with immense cockpits, targeted at the least common denominator consumer, known in those parts as tourists.
Besides, as all watercraft design represents a tradeoff of capabilities, it’s important to know what portion of your time you intend to spend on which sorts of water. Weigh your priorities: good tracking (going straight) versus easy turning, converting paddle strokes into distance (efficiency) versus stability, and water condition versatility also versus stability.
Stability in particular is a tradeoff involving ability to handle diverse water conditions and skill level required. On a mirror smooth pond, a barge flat bottom provides the greatest primary stability. But, to perform in rough conditions you need what’s called secondary stability, the ability to operate smoothly at an angle to the water surface, as when heeled over or encountering a wave broadside. Secondary stability is achieved by a somewhat V shaped or rounded bottom, with particular emphasis on rounding the chine – the transition between bottom and sides. Unfortunately, back on calm water, this same rough water capability makes for a boat that feels wobbly.
Efficiency also trades off against stability. The more perfectly round a hull, the easier it glides through the water, by virtue of having the least area in contact with it. Unfortunately, rounder also makes a boat less inclined to remain upright. To understand why, picture a maximally efficient kayak built round as a log. Then consider how this kayak’s dynamics resemble those of a log in a rolling contest.
Clearly the performance I sought in a kayak demanded some skill from its occupant – a not unfamiliar lesson. But think what skill and good design could accomplish together.
For instance, the correct way to sit in a kayak is with your knees held firmly against the hull, possible only in narrower boats with smaller cockpits. Grasping your kayak thus enables you to maneuver it by pivoting your hips, a skill important to becoming master of your vessel. Using this method, skilled operators even deliberately heel their boat for quick turns in a maneuver called edging – possible only in boats with good secondary stability.
Up to this point, my kayak buying research could be summarized as follows. I wanted to paddle every manner of fresh water including mild rapids, and also estuaries, meaning occasional surf, which by the way requires a length of about 13 feet. I wanted a classic form: narrow hull, small cockpit, and capable of handling rough water. Such a kayak would represent a blend of recreational and touring styles.
But taking the next step, matching these attributes to actual boats, proved daunting. Visiting showrooms, turning boats over, studying and comparing their shapes, I found variations I hadn’t accounted for. I could only speculate how this or that organic curve or concavity of bow affected performance. It would require a naval engineer, with topographical maps of each hull, to exhaustively analyze their capabilities – and that wasn’t going to happen. Besides, as experts had warned me, analysis gets you only so far. The real proof lay in the paddling.
So I fell back on a couple of flesh and blood local independent kayak retailers for guidance. For if I was qualified for anything by now, it was assessing kayak dealers. These guys had won me over by their exhaustive knowledge and honesty, speaking to the true merits and weaknesses of various boats – not reciting what they thought I wanted to hear. They’d invested considerable time and patience in educating me – even to the point in one case of talking me out of buying a boat that didn’t quite fit my needs.
Then one day I came by to rent a boat under consideration and was asking technical questions as usual when it hit me. My goal was a good boat, not a PhD in the entire kayak industry. If I wanted to make a choice anytime soon, I was going to have to put my confidence in somebody else’s expertise. Come to think of it, that’s exactly what I was already doing that very moment, so why not admit it to myself and close the deal? Sure, my impression of the boats he recommended were colored by his enthusiasm for them, my fondness for him, and the great stories he told – but cool headed reason maintained that stalling would profit me nothing. Here was my last, best, credible, accessible resource.
So after duly paddling everything he pointed at, I bought my Kestrel 12 HV by Current Design, in which name the 12 as usual stands for length in feet. The HV happens to designate a high volume version of this boat, recommended for paddlers over 170 pounds. Shortly afterward my wife Susan followed with a Manitou 13 by Necky, a wonderfully fast and straight running boat I would have bought myself except that whitewater requires quicker turns.
As for the rest of you, looking ahead, your best opportunities for kayak research are the demo days coming up in the spring, generally accompanied by sales of last year’s leftovers. Or if you can stand waiting, come labor day, retailers and rental shops sell off their used boats. Bottom line though, shop for the hull, not the price.
David Elliott